I. Advantages (core advantages of outdoor energy storage/portable power supply)
1. The safety is extremely high and it is not easy to catch fire and explode.
Ferrous lithium phosphate has strong thermal stability, the decomposition temperature is over 700℃, and lithium ternary is only about 200℃. There is little fire and deflagration during puncture, extrusion, overcharge and short circuit.
Outdoor, vehicle-mounted and household standby power supplies are most afraid of thermal runaway, which is the biggest reason why lithium iron is the first choice for portable power supplies.
2. Long cycle life, durability and money saving.
Standard iron-lithium batteries can be cycled for 3000 ~ 6000 times, and high-quality and large-capacity batteries can reach 8000 times;
Ternary lithium battery only 800 ~ 1500 times. At the same frequency, the service life of lithium iron is 3 ~ 5 times that of ternary, and the portable power supply can last for 5 ~ 10 years.
3. stable charge and discharge, slow attenuation
Long-term shallow charge and shallow discharge (common state of portable power supply) have small capacity attenuation; Support long-term floating and standby, suitable for power failure and long-term storage in camping.
4. High temperature resistance and strong outdoor adaptability
The performance of discharging and charging in high temperature environment is far superior to that of ternary system, and it is not easy to bulge and accelerate the attenuation when exposed to high temperature in the car and outdoors in summer.
5. No precious metals, lower cost, environmental protection and low toxicity.
Co-free and nickel-free, the price fluctuation of raw materials is small, and the portable power supply with the same capacity is cheaper than ternary;
Stable chemical properties, lower waste pollution and simple recovery.
6. Low self-discharge and long-term storage without power failure.
Self-discharge is only 2% ~ 5% per month, and it is suitable for standby energy storage without frequent recharge for several months.
Second, the shortcomings (obvious shortcomings in use)
1. Low energy density and larger volume/weight with the same capacity.
The energy density of lithium iron is about 120 ~ 160 Wh/kg, and that of ternary lithium is 200 ~ 260 Wh/kg.
The same 2000Wh portable power supply, lithium iron will be heavier and larger, and the demand for lightweight walking will suffer.
2. Low temperature performance is poor, and the capacity is greatly reduced in winter.
The environmental capacity at 0℃ is only 70% ~ 80%, and that at -10℃ is only about 50%.
In winter in the north, high-power equipment with immobility is used outdoors, and high-end models will add battery heating plates, which will increase the cost and weight.
3. The nominal voltage is low, the number of strings is more, and the BMS design is complicated.
Single power saving core 3.2V, ternary 3.7V；; To make 220V output, more batteries need to be connected in series, which makes it more difficult to manage the voltage difference. Inferior power supply is prone to unbalanced batteries and sudden drop in life.
4. The discharge platform is narrow and the voltage drops obviously.
In use, the voltage drops rapidly, and the load-carrying capacity in the second half of the power becomes weak, so the power estimation is not as accurate as ternary.
5. The upper limit of fast charge is low.
Under the same heat dissipation condition, the upper limit of Ferrous lithium phosphate's fast charge rate is lower than three yuan, and it takes longer to fill the same capacity; If you want to charge quickly, you need to increase heat dissipation and increase costs.
III. Summary of applicable scenarios
More suitable for Ferrous lithium phosphate portable power supply.
Household emergency power failure, vehicle standby, RV energy storage, long-term camping, high-power heavy load, safety first, long-term storage and standby.
Not suitable for iron and lithium, ternary is preferred.
Lightweight hiking, low-temperature and high-frequency use in northern winter, pursuit of extremely small and light, and small portable power supply that needs fast and fast charging.
