The wide input voltage range of the power frequency online UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply) combines the high stability of the "power frequency transformer", the continuous power supply advantages of the "online", and the strong adaptability of the "wide input voltage" to power grid fluctuations, making it irreplaceable in complex power grid environments with extremely high requirements for power supply reliability and load safety. The following are its core applicable scenarios and selection logic:
1、 Core applicable scenarios: environments with severe/unstable power grid fluctuations
The core pain point of such scenarios is that the grid voltage frequently deviates from the standard range (such as too high, too low, instantaneous surges/drops), and ordinary UPS (narrow input voltage) is prone to frequent switching to battery power supply due to "voltage exceeding the threshold", resulting in shortened battery life and increased risk of power interruption. Wide input voltage (usually covering a range of 110V~300V or even wider, far exceeding the standard 220V ± 10%) can directly "digest" power grid fluctuations, reduce battery intervention, and improve system stability.
1. Industrial and manufacturing sites
Typical scenarios: factory workshops (such as mechanical processing, automated production lines, CNC machine tools), heavy industries (steel, chemical, mining), small and medium-sized production lines.
Reason for adaptation:
In industrial environments, frequent starting and stopping of large motors, frequency converters, and high-power equipment can easily cause transient voltage drops ("voltage dips") or surges in the power grid; Some remote factories may also have long-term low voltage (such as below 160V) or high voltage (such as above 260V) issues due to weak power grid infrastructure.
UPS with power frequency structure has strong anti overload/anti impact capability (power frequency transformers can withstand short-term 3-5 times rated current impact), and can cope with the "impact load" when the motor starts; Online design can ensure that the load is supplied with stable AC power after purification throughout the entire process, avoiding voltage fluctuations that may cause equipment shutdown and loss of production data (such as CNC machine tool power outages, invalid drawings, and production line shutdowns).
2. Key loads in remote/rural areas
Typical scenarios: rural base stations (communication/5G), small data collection stations in remote areas (such as meteorological stations, hydrological monitoring stations), rural medical clinics (basic medical equipment).
Reason for adaptation:
The power grid in remote areas is usually supplied by small substations, with high line losses, multiple branches, and extremely wide voltage fluctuations (such as voltage soaring to 250V+during low demand periods during the day and dropping below 150V during high demand periods at night), and even the problem of "three-phase voltage imbalance".
Wide input voltage can cover such extreme fluctuations, avoiding frequent triggering of "low voltage shutdown" or "high voltage protection" by UPS; At the same time, power frequency UPS has stronger environmental adaptability (can withstand high temperatures, humidity, and dust), does not require complex computer room environments, and is suitable for installation in outdoor or rudimentary places.
3. Places with outdated buildings/lagging power grid renovation
Typical scenarios: Important household loads in old residential areas of cities (such as medical equipment and home servers), office equipment in old office buildings (such as financial servers and file storage systems), and small shops in urban villages (such as convenience store cash register systems and cold chain refrigerators).
Reason for adaptation:
The power supply lines of old buildings are aging and have thin diameters. When combined with high-power equipment such as air conditioners and electric heaters, they are prone to "low terminal voltage" (such as socket voltage of only 170V); Some areas may also have the problem of long-term high voltage (such as 240V) due to the lack of coverage in the power grid renovation.
Wide input voltage can directly adapt to such unstable power grids, avoiding battery loss caused by frequent battery jumps in ordinary UPS; The isolation of power frequency structures (power frequency transformers achieve input/output electrical isolation) can also block "ground wire interference" and "common mode noise" in the power grid, protecting sensitive equipment such as medical monitors and home NAS.
2、 Core applicable scenarios: scenarios with extremely high requirements for "zero interruption" of power supply and load protection
The core advantage of online UPS is that when the mains power is normal, the load is powered by the UPS inverter (the mains power is rectified and inverted to output pure AC power); When the mains power is interrupted, the battery seamlessly switches to the inverter, achieving zero interruption power supply. The wide input voltage further reduces unnecessary battery switching. Combined with the high reliability of the power frequency structure, it is suitable for the following scenarios:
1. Key equipment in the medical industry
Typical scenarios: ventilators, monitors, and hemodialysis machines in hospital ICUs, biochemical analyzers and gene sequencers in laboratory departments, and refrigerated drug storage refrigerators in pharmacies.
Reason for adaptation:
Medical equipment has strict requirements for the "continuity" and "purity" of power supply: voltage fluctuations may cause monitor data drift, dialysis machine shutdown (endangering patient life), and power grid noise may interfere with the detection accuracy of biochemical analyzers.
Wide input voltage reduces battery intervention frequency, ensuring long-term stable operation of UPS; The short-circuit resistance capability of power frequency transformers (to avoid UPS damage in case of load short circuit) and the online "zero interruption" characteristic can meet the "24-hour fault free power supply" requirements of medical equipment (in compliance with medical power supply standards such as GB 7258-2017).
2. Data centers and small computer rooms
Typical scenarios: server rooms of small and medium-sized enterprises (such as ERP servers, database servers), edge computing nodes (such as 5G edge computer rooms, Internet of Things data acquisition rooms), and storage servers in security monitoring centers (such as NVR hard disk recorders).
Reason for adaptation:
Servers and storage devices have extremely high requirements for the "purity" of power supply (such as voltage harmonics and frequency stability): Harmonics in the power grid (such as the 3rd and 5th harmonics generated by frequency converters) can cause the server power supply to heat up and shorten its lifespan; Sudden voltage drop may cause server "blue screen" and "data loss".
Wide input voltage adaptation to power grid fluctuations, avoiding UPS switching to batteries due to voltage issues; The power frequency online "pure sine wave output" (total harmonic distortion THD<3%) can provide near ideal AC power and protect server power supply; At the same time, the redundancy of the power frequency structure (supporting parallel connection of multiple machines) can also meet the "N+1" redundant power supply requirements of the computer room.
3. Core load of finance and security industry
Typical scenarios: bank ATM machines, self-service terminals, trading terminals of securities companies, hard disk video recorders (DVR/NVR) and checkpoint cameras for security monitoring systems, and gas station control systems for gas dispensers.
Reason for adaptation:
This type of load requires "7 x 24 hours continuous operation": ATM machine power outage will cause transaction interruption (leading to customer complaints), monitoring equipment power outage will cause video recording interruption (affecting security traceability), and fuel dispenser power outage will directly affect operation.
Wide input voltage can cope with "power grid fluctuations" in places such as gas stations and bank branches (such as voltage drops caused by high-power oil pumps starting at gas stations); The high overload capacity of power frequency UPS (able to withstand 125% overload for 10 minutes) can meet the demand of "instantaneous high-power start" of ATM machines and avoid UPS overload protection.
3、 Attention: Not all scenarios require this type of UPS
The disadvantages of wide input voltage power frequency online UPS are large size, heavy weight, and slightly higher energy consumption (power frequency transformer efficiency is 2%~3% lower than high-frequency topology). Therefore, it is not recommended to prioritize the following scenarios:
Non critical loads in ordinary households (such as televisions and washing machines): These devices have a high tolerance for voltage fluctuations, and high-frequency online or backup UPS can be selected.
Mobile scenarios (such as outdoor temporary office): Power frequency UPS is heavy (about 50kg for 5kVA models) and inconvenient to carry. High frequency portable UPS is preferred.
Scenarios with extremely high energy consumption requirements (such as green data centers): High frequency online UPS (with wide input voltage) has higher efficiency (up to 95% or more) and is more in line with energy-saving needs.
In summary, the wide input voltage power frequency online UPS is the optimal solution for the dual scenarios of "unstable power grid" and "high reliability demand". Its core value lies in "adapting to complex power grids+ensuring the safety of critical loads", and it is a "power supply safety barrier" in industries such as industry, healthcare, and finance.
