1、 Daily maintenance (performed daily)
Appearance inspection: Conduct a daily visual inspection of the UPS battery to check for any deformation, bulging, or cracking of the battery casing, as well as any corrosion, looseness, or leakage of the electrodes. If any abnormalities are found, they should be promptly recorded and reported for handling.
Environmental inspection: Check whether the temperature and humidity of the environment where the battery is located are within the specified range (generally maintained at 20-25 ℃, with a relative humidity not exceeding 80%). At the same time, ensure that the environment is clean, free from dust, debris accumulation, direct sunlight, heat sources, and other conditions.
Voltage monitoring: Through the UPS monitoring system or dedicated instruments, the total voltage of the battery pack and the voltage of each individual battery are monitored daily to ensure that the total voltage is within the normal operating range, and the voltage deviation of each individual battery does not exceed the specified value (usually not exceeding 0.05V).
2、 Regular charging and discharging maintenance
（1） Monthly maintenance
Balanced charging: Charge the battery evenly once a month. When the voltage imbalance of each individual battery exceeds the specified value, the balanced charging mode is activated to restore the capacity and consistency of the battery.
Charge and discharge inspection: After conducting balanced charging, perform a short-term low current discharge test on the battery (with a discharge capacity of about 10% -20% of the rated capacity) to observe whether the discharge voltage of the battery is stable and whether there is any abnormal voltage drop. After discharge, charge the battery promptly to ensure it returns to full capacity.
（2） Quarterly maintenance
Deep discharge: Conduct deep discharge maintenance once every quarter. Disconnect the battery pack from the UPS system, connect it to a dedicated discharge device, and discharge it at the rated discharge current. Stop discharging when the battery pack voltage drops to the termination voltage (different types of batteries have different termination voltages, such as lead-acid batteries, which generally have a termination voltage of 1.8V per cell).
Charging operation: After discharging, immediately perform constant current and constant voltage charging on the battery. First, perform constant current charging with the rated charging current. When the battery voltage reaches the float charging voltage, switch to constant voltage charging until the charging current drops below the specified value (usually 0.01C, where C is the rated capacity of the battery), and then stop charging.
Performance testing: During the charging and discharging process, record the discharge time, discharge voltage change curve, charging time and other data of the battery, calculate the actual capacity of the battery, compare it with the rated capacity, and evaluate the performance status of the battery. If the actual capacity is lower than 80% of the rated capacity, the battery should be replaced in a timely manner.
3、 Special situation maintenance
Long term shutdown maintenance: If the UPS system needs to be shut down for a long time (more than one month), the battery should be fully charged first, and then disconnected from the UPS host to avoid excessive self discharge of the battery. Recharge the battery every month to maintain its capacity.
Maintenance after mains power interruption: When the mains power is interrupted and the UPS battery is discharged, the battery should be charged in a timely manner after the mains power is restored. During the charging process, closely monitor the charging voltage, current, and temperature of the battery to ensure normal charging. At the same time, record the discharge time and capacity of the battery to evaluate its performance in emergency situations.
4、 Maintain records and reports
During each maintenance operation, record in detail the maintenance date, maintenance content, inspection data, discovered problems, and handling situation, and form a maintenance record ledger.
Summarize and analyze maintenance records on a monthly basis, evaluate the operating status and performance trends of batteries, and generate monthly maintenance reports. Generate quarterly maintenance reports based on monthly reports and quarterly maintenance status, and submit them to relevant management departments.
By strictly implementing the above UPS battery charging and discharging maintenance plan, the service life of the battery can be effectively extended, ensuring the reliable operation of the UPS system in the event of a power outage, and providing stable power guarantee for load equipment.
